• Zhao, X., Qi, J., Xu, H., Yu, Z., Yuan, L., Chen, Y., Huang, H., 2023. Evaluating the potential of airborne hyperspectral LiDAR for assessing forest insects and diseases with 3D Radiative Transfer Modeling. Remote Sensing of Environment. 297, 113759.

• 叶雨洋, 漆建波, 曹颖, 蒋靖怡, 2023. 基于LESS模型的异质植被冠层光合有效辐射吸收比与植被指数的关系研究. 遥感技术与应用 38, 51–65. https://doi.org/10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2023.1.0051

• Zhou, K., Xie, D., Qi, J., Zhang, Z., Bo, X., Yan, G., Mu, X., 2023. Explicitly Reconstructing RAMI-V Scenes for Accurate 3-Dimensional Radiative Transfer Simulation Using the LESS Model. Journal of Remote Sensing 3, 0033. https://doi.org/10.34133/remotesensing.0033

• Gao, G., Qi, J., Lin, S., Hu, R., Huang, H., 2023. Estimating plant area density of individual trees from discrete airborne laser scanning data using intensity information and path length distribution. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 118, 103281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2023.103281

• Qi, J., Jiang, J., Zhou, K., Xie, D., Huang, H., 2023. Fast and Accurate Simulation of Canopy Reflectance under Wavelength-Dependent Optical Properties Using a Semi-Empirical 3D Radiative Transfer Model. Journal of Remote Sensing 0017. https://doi.org/10.34133/remotesensing.0017

• Qi, J., Xie, D., Jiang, J., Huang, H., 2022. 3D radiative transfer modeling of structurally complex forest canopies through a lightweight boundary-based description of leaf clusters. Remote Sensing of Environment. 283, 113301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2022.113301

• Qi, J., Xie, D., Yin, T., Yan, G., Gastellu-Etchegorry, J.-P., Li, L., Zhang, W., Mu, X., Norford, L.K., 2019. LESS: LargE-Scale remote sensing data and image simulation framework over heterogeneous 3D scenes. Remote Sensing of Environment. 221, 695–706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.11.036

• Qi, J., Xie, D., Guo, D. and Yan, G., 2017. A Large-Scale Emulation System for Realistic Three-Dimensional (3-D) Forest Simulation . IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 10(11), pp.4834-4843.

• 漆建波, 谢东辉, 许月, 阎广建, 2019. 三维辐射传输模型LESS原理及其应用. 遥感技术与应用.

Publications and reasearches that have used LESS

2023

• Han, D., Liu, J., Zhang, R., Liu, Z., Guo, T., Jiang, H., Wang, J., Zhao, H., Ren, S., Yang, P., 2023. Evaluation of the SAIL Radiative Transfer Model for Simulating Canopy Reflectance of Row Crop Canopies. Remote Sensing 15, 5433. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15235433

• Liu, X., Chen, Y., Mu, X., Yan, G., Xie, D., Ma, X., Yan, K., Song, W., Liu, Z., 2023. Correction for the Sun-Angle Effect on the NDVI Based on Path Length. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2023.3322780

• Lin, X., Li, A., Bian, J., Zhang, Z., Lei, G., Chen, L., Qi, J., 2023. Reconstruction of a large-scale realistic three-dimensional (3-D) mountain forest scene for radiative transfer simulations. GIScience & Remote Sensing 60, 2261993. https://doi.org/10.1080/15481603.2023.2261993

• Zeng, Y., Hao, D., Park, T., Zhu, P., Huete, A., Myneni, R., Knyazikhin, Y., Qi, J., Nemani, R.R., Li, F., Huang, J., Gao, Y., Li, B., Ji, F., Köhler, P., Frankenberg, C., Berry, J.A., Chen, M., 2023. Structural complexity biases vegetation greenness measures. Nature Ecology Evolution 1–9.

• Yang, S., Peng, N., Zhai, D., Tao, Y., He, Q., Mu, X., Li, Y., Fan, W., 2023. Fisheye-based forest LAI field measurements for remote sensing validation at high spatial resolution. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2023.3308369

• Gao, S., Zhong, R., Yan, K., Ma, X., Chen, X., Pu, J., Gao, S., Qi, J., Yin, G. and Myneni, R.B., 2023. Evaluating the saturation effect of vegetation indices in forests using 3D radiative transfer simulations and satellite observations. Remote Sensing of Environment, 295, p.113665.

• Chen, S., Xiao, P., Zhang, X., Qi, J., Yin, G., Ma, W. and Liu, H., 2023. Simulating snow-covered forest bidirectional reflectance by extending hybrid geometric optical–radiative transfer model. Remote Sensing of Environment, 296, p.113713.

• Wu, Q., Yang, S.S. and Jiang, J., Impacts of Clumping Effect on Canopy Reflectance Using 3-D Radiative Transfer Modeling. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 6, p.1106773.

• Zhang, J., Sun, R., Xiao, Z., Zhao, L. and Xie, D., 2023. AM–GM Algorithm for Evaluating, Analyzing, and Correcting the Spatial Scaling Bias of the Leaf Area Index. Remote Sensing, 15(12), p.3068.

• Cheng, J., Yang, H., Qi, J., Han, S., Sun, Z., Feng, H., Chen, R., Zhang, C., Li, J., Yang, G., 2023. Evaluation of the effect of leaf spatial aggregation on chlorophyll content retrieval in open-canopy apple orchards. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 121, 103367.

• Xian, Y., Wang, T., Cheng, W., Letu, H., Du, Y., Leng, W., 2023. A Uniform Model for Correcting Shortwave Downward Radiation Over Rugged Terrain at Various Scales. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 1–1.

• Zhang, Q., Wang, D., Gastellu-Etchegorry, J.-P., Yang, J., Qian, Y., 2023. Impact of 3-D structures on directional effective emissivity in urban areas based on DART model. Building and Environment 239, 110410.

• Li, H., Yan, K., Gao, S., Ma, X., Zeng, Y., Li, W., Yin, G., Mu, X., Yan, G., Myneni, R.B., 2023. A Novel Inversion Approach for the Kernel-Driven BRDF Model for Heterogeneous Pixels. Journal of Remote Sensing 3, 0038.

• Ye, X., Ren, H., Wang, P., Zhu, Jinshun, Zhu, Jian, 2023. Thermal Infrared Radiance Transfer Modeling of the Urban Landscape at Ultrahigh Spatial Resolution. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 20, 1–5.

• Huang, H., Qi, J., Li, L., 2023. Enhanced Branch Simulation to Improve RAPID in Optical Region Using RAMI Scenes. Journal of Remote Sensing 3, 0039. https://doi.org/10.34133/remotesensing.0039

• Zhu, W., You, D., Wen, J., Tang, Y., Gong, B., Han, Y., 2023. Evaluation of Linear Kernel-Driven BRDF Models over Snow-Free Rugged Terrain. Remote Sensing 15, 786. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030786

• Liu, Z., Long, J., Lin, H., Du, K., Xu, X., Liu, H., Yang, P., Zhang, T., Ye, Z., 2023. Interpretation and Mapping Tree Crown Diameter Using Spatial Heterogeneity in Relation to the Radiative Transfer Model Extracted from GF-2 Images in Planted Boreal Forest Ecosystems. Remote Sensing 15, 1806. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15071806

• 张腾, 游冬琴, 闻建光, 唐勇, 2023. 二向反射遥感反演最优角度采样方法研究. 遥感技术与应用 38, 66–77. https://doi.org/10.11873/j.issn.1004-0323.2023.1.0066

2022

• Tong, Y., Jiao, Z., Zhang, X., Yin, S., Guo, J., 2022. An Improved Method for Estimating Clumping Index by Digital Hemispheric Photography With Field Measurements. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 19, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2022.3216274

• Geng, J., Tu, L., Chen, J.M., Roujean, J.-L., Yuan, G., Hu, R., Huang, J., Zhang, C., Ye, Z., Qu, X., Yu, M., Zhu, Y., Tian, Q., 2022. Variation of Clumping Index With Zenith Angle for Forest Canopies. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 60, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2022.3226154

• Cheng, J., Yang, H., Qi, J., Sun, Z., Han, S., Feng, H., Jiang, J., Xu, W., Li, Z., Yang, G., Zhao, C., 2022. Estimating canopy-scale chlorophyll content in apple orchards using a 3D radiative transfer model and UAV multispectral imagery. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 202, 107401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.107401

• Dai, Z., Ding, Y., Xu, C., Chen, Y., Liu, L., 2022. Evaluation of the impact of crop residue on fractional vegetation cover estimation by vegetation indices over conservation tillage cropland: a simulation study. International Journal of Remote Sensing 43, 6463–6482. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2022.2139649

• Feng, B., Nie, S., Wang, C., Xi, X., Wang, J., Zhou, G., Wang, H., 2022. Exploring the Potential of UAV LiDAR Data for Trunk Point Extraction and Direct DBH Measurement. Remote Sens. 14, 2753.

• Song, W., Mu, X., McVicar, T.R., Knyazikhin, Y., Liu, X., Wang, L., Niu, Z., Yan, G., 2022. Global quasi-daily fractional vegetation cover estimated from the DSCOVR EPIC directional hotspot dataset. Remote Sens. Environ. 269, 112835.

• Lai, Y., Mu, X., Li, W., Zou, J., Bian, Y., Zhou, K., Hu, R., Li, L., Xie, D., Yan, G., 2022. Correcting for the clumping effect in leaf area index calculations using one-dimensional fractal dimension. Remote Sens. Environ. 281, 113259.

• Geng, J., Chen, J.M., Fan, W., Tu, L., Pang, Y., Yuan, G., Xu, L., Zhu, C., Zhang, T., Zhang, C., Ye, Z., Zhu, Y., Li, Z., 2022. Application of a Hypergeometric Model in Simulating Canopy Gap Fraction and BRF for Forest Plantations on Sloping Terrains. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Obs. Remote Sens. 15, 2901–2913.

• Li, X., Tong, T., Luo, T., Wang, J., Rao, Y., Li, L., Jin, D., Wu, D., Huang, H., 2022. Retrieving the Infected Area of Pine Wilt Disease-Disturbed Pine Forests from Medium-Resolution Satellite Images Using the Stochastic Radiative Transfer Theory. Remote Sens. 14, 1526.

• Song, W., Zhao, T., Mu, X., Zhong, B., Zhao, J., Yan, G., Wang, L., Niu, Z., 2022. Using a Vegetation Index-Based Mixture Model to Estimate Fractional Vegetation Cover Products by Jointly Using Multiple Satellite Data: Method and Feasibility Analysis. Forests 13, 691.

• Bian, Z., Wu, S., Roujean, J.-L., Cao, B., Li, H., Yin, G., Du, Y., Xiao, Q., Liu, Q., 2022. A TIR forest reflectance and transmittance (FRT) model for directional temperatures with structural and thermal stratification. Remote Sens. Environ. 268, 112749.

2021

• Li, W., Mu, X., 2021. Using fractal dimension to correct clumping effect in leaf area index measurement by digital cover photography. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 311, 108695.

• Chu, Q., Yan, G., Qi, J., Mu, X., Li, L., Tong, Y., Zhou, Y., Liu, Y., Xie, D., Wild, M., 2021. Quantitative Analysis of Terrain Reflected Solar Radiation in Snow-Covered Mountains: A Case Study in Southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126, e2020JD034294.

• Yan, K., Zhang, Y., Tong, Y., Zeng, Y., Pu, J., Gao, S., Li, L., Mu, X., Yan, G., Rautiainen, M., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R.B., 2021. Modeling the radiation regime of a discontinuous canopy based on the stochastic radiative transport theory: Modification, evaluation and validation. Remote Sensing of Environment. 267, 112728.

• Cao, B., Qi, J., Chen, E., Xiao, Q., Liu, Q., Li, Z., 2021. Fine scale optical remote sensing experiment of mixed stand over complex terrain (FOREST) in the Genhe Reserve Area: objective, observation and a case study. International Journal of Digital Earth 14, 1411–1432. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2021.1968047

• Bian, Z., Roujean, J.L., Cao, B., Du, Y., Li, H., Gamet, P., Fang, J., Xiao, Q. and Liu, Q., 2021. Modeling the directional anisotropy of fine-scale TIR emissions over tree and crop canopies based on UAV measurements. Remote Sensing of Environment, 252, p.112150.

• Chi, H., Yan, K., Yang, K., Du, S., Li, H., Qi, J., Zhou, W., 2021. Evaluation of Topographic Correction Models Based on 3-D Radiative Transfer Simulation. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 1–5.

• Yan K , Gao S , Chi H , et al. Evaluation of the Vegetation-Index-Based Dimidiate Pixel Model for Fractional Vegetation Cover Estimation. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2021, PP(99):1-14.

• Ma, Y., He, T., Li, A., Li, S., 2021. Evaluation and Intercomparison of Topographic Correction Methods Based on Landsat Images and Simulated Data. Remote Sensing 13, 4120.

• 许月, 谢东辉, 漆建波, 阎广建, 穆西晗, 张吴明, 20210526. 基于计算机模拟模型LESS的落叶松林木质元素影响分析. 遥感学报 25, 1138–1151.

2020

• Pu, J., Yan, K., Zhou, G., Lei, Y., Zhu, Y., Guo, D., Li, H., Xu, L., Knyazikhin, Y., Myneni, R.B., 2020. Evaluation of the MODIS LAI/FPAR Algorithm Based on 3D-RTM Simulations: A Case Study of Grassland. Remote Sensing 12, 3391. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203391

• Li, X., Huang, H., Shabanov, N.V., Chen, L., Yan, K. and Shi, J., 2020. Extending the stochastic radiative transfer theory to simulate BRF over forests with heterogeneous distribution of damaged foliage inside of tree crowns. Remote Sensing of Environment, 250, p.112040.

• Yan, G., Chu, Q., Tong, Y., Mu, X., Qi, J., Zhou, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, T., Xie, D., Zhang, W. and Yan, K., 2020. An Operational Method for Validating the Downward Shortwave Radiation Over Rugged Terrains. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

2019

• Chen, S., Liu, L., Zhang, X., Liu, X., Chen, X., Qian, X., Xu, Y., Xie, D., 2019. Retrieval of the Fraction of Radiation Absorbed by Photosynthetic Components (FAPARgreen) for Forest using a Triple-Source Leaf-Wood-Soil Layer Approach. Remote Sensing 11, 2471. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212471

• Jiao, Z.-H., Ren, H., Mu, X., Zhao, J., Wang, T., Dong, J., n.d. Evaluation of Four Sky View Factor Algorithms using Digital Surface and Elevation Model Data. Earth and Space Science. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EA000475

2018

• Li, L., Mu, X., Macfarlane, C., Song, W., Chen, J., Yan, K. and Yan, G., 2018. A half-Gaussian fitting method for estimating fractional vegetation cover of corn crops using unmanned aerial vehicle images. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 262, pp.379-390.